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shea butter soap recipe without palm oil

Hi Renee! On one hand, it’s good stewardship to use something that would normally be thrown away. We have already established in this article that Palm oil is used to create a good, hard, and therefore long lasting bar of soap that produces a wonderful, creamy lather. Why Palm Free Soap Recipes? Cocoa Butter: Makes a hard bar with a creamy lather. It makes soap easier to unmold, and contributes to a thicker trace. https://www.thesprucecrafts.com/sandy-maine-soap-recipe-5074616 Pour into your container of choice. Since these recipes have a high amount of soft oils, they may take a few extra days in the mold to harden up. https://homesteadsurvivalsite.com/simple-soap-recipe-olive-oil-coconut-oil https://www.naturesgardencandles.com/blog/shea-butter-soap-recipes I melt the Shea Butter in the microwave for about 20 seconds or so it doesn't take long. As for castor oil, it does have some scent right out of the bottle. But, what will we use to make up for those lost 8 ounces? Palm kernel oil is actually chemically more similar to coconut oil than palm oil, which is why we use both palm and coconut oils in our soaps, as both give different properties. My base recipe is always the usual suspects – olive oil, castor oil, shea, coconut oil etc.. but I use 5% beeswax or cocoa butter and the soaps turn out lovely and hard within 4 weeks. She lives in the Blue Ridge Mountains with her family and a menagerie of animals, where she enjoys brainstorming creative things to make with the flowers and weeds that grow around her. It’s not very bubbly, but does help contribute to a stable lather. You can replace the coconut oil with babassu oil, but the smell of coconut doesn’t survive the soapmaking process so it can still be included in a fragrance free soap. Lye to water that can be used. If your craft store doesn’t have shea butter soap base, no worries. Looking at the soap chart, we see that sunflower oil adds a silky lather. It will add a bit of hardness, but not too much, so I don’t rely on this as a full substitution. Thanks for a great website – its on my favorites now. I have to make a totally fragrance free soap for my boss’s sister. https://www.naturesgardencandles.com/blog/shea-butter-soap-recipes A general guideline is to keep the amount under 25 to 30% of the recipe or it might start to dry out your skin. Can’t wait until I can start!!! One idea: You can just add 8 more ounces of olive oil, but in that case, you’ll end up with a bar that is 67.5% olive oil. My main hesitation with using it is because often antibiotics and other toxins a… 5 oz canned goat’s milk That being said, thank you for pointing out the issues with palm, and offering alternatives. Coconut Oil: If coconut oil is already in your recipe, you probably won’t want to add more. I melt the Shea Butter in the microwave for about 20 seconds or so it doesn't take long. To learn more about this, please see the end of this blog article. Shea butter is loaded with natural vitamins (A, E, F) and antioxidants. https://www.funwithsoap.co.za/recipes/cold-process-soap-recipes If you use more than 15% in a soap recipe, it may cause cracking. Outstanding bulk discounts available. Your email address will not be published. A few other tips that might help: So, those are my tips for making palm free soaps, but there’s always more to discover! Seriously, who can resist something called MANGO BUTTER? This recipe … ), 9 Brazilian Clays to Naturally Color Soap. Possibly the best alternative we can suggest here at TSK HQ: A favourite amongst the manufacturing team for sure! If the recipe calls for 4.58 ounces of lye, it will only give me 4.5 and then jumps to 4.6. That would look like this: You don’t have to use sunflower oil. As each aspect has different results, which also means your ratios will be different. You could bring in a new oil, such as sunflower, and add it to the mix. You could use hemp oil, meadowfoam oil, sweet almond oil, and even more avocado oil instead. Hi Kelly, There are other vegetable-based alternatives though, if you wish to avoid all animal products. Mainly, you need to give it more time in the mold and more time curing than you might other recipes. Some say there is no ‘perfect’ alternative to Palm oil in soap making because of its exceptional results but as always, it is down to product development and personal preferences. Palm oil is also used in candle making. Try this recipe to create a long lasting bar of luxurious soap. Without coconut oil + castor oil, it will have more of a creamy low lather feel, rather than lots of bubbles. Both come from the palm oil tree, palm oil is pressed from the fruit and palm kernel oil is extracted from the seed. 3.2 oz Palm oil. Some may dislike the use of tallow or lard in soap, since they are animal byproducts. Instructions: Follow your basic soap recipe. Recipe Soap Natural Palm Free; Natural Palm Free Cold Process Soap. The problem with olive oil is that it doesn’t offer much lather. I’ll also cover a few general suggestions for obtaining a harder bar of soap, without palm oil. Here is a very simple, unscented soap recipe that’s good for those who are sensitive to fragrance and colorants in soap: That will leather and the leather stable. You could try making the recipe at this link: Due to a rapid rise in environmental concern amongst a lot of our customers, it is important that we as suppliers offer the best advice and support we can when choosing the right ingredients for certain products. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Luckily, it is also one of the greatest soap ingredients of all time. (It will though, you just have to be patient!) Tap water is treated with chemicals which may affect how your soap turns out plus you don’t really want ingredients like aluminium and chlorine in your soap. I have not used palm for a long time, and had to formulate a bar that was nice without palm. 15% Coconut Oil 30% Canola Oil 25% Rice Bran Oil 15% Shea Butter 10% Avocado Oil 5% Chia Seed Oil… Example Recipe #1 (all ingredients by weight, not volume): 21 oz (75%) olive oil You can use all vegetable oils in your soap recipe, and still get a good bar of soap. https://heartscontentfarmhouse.com/cold-process-baby-soap-recipe https://www.thesprucecrafts.com/double-butter-soap-recipe-516610 Babassu Oil: This has similar properties as coconut oil. The longer bastille soap cures, the more it will harden and the lather will improve. shea butter melt and pour soap base (soap base comes in 2 lbs. I’ve had scales that do that too. What one you use is really up to what effect you would like your soap to have. Go to a lye calculator – I like the one at The Sage.com, and enter the number of ounces next to each oil’s name (so a “3” in the box beside avocado oil and “10” in the box beside coconut, 19 beside olive oil, and 8 beside palm oil), then hit “Calculate Lye” at the very bottom. Before Palm oil, fatty oils such as Tallow or Lard were used, mainly due to their large availability being an animal by-product. Shea butter in Milk Relief Soap… Catherine. Perfectly Palm Free This is a wonderfully slow-moving recipe that’s great for intricate designs. Hi Shobhit! I’m slowly buying my material but in the meantime I’m reading and learning (meaning I’m taking notes!) For 25 of my favorite palm free recipes, tips on naturally coloring soap, and more, then check out my Natural Soap Making ebook! We found these soaps without palm oil and unnecessary chemicals. 8.5 oz distilled water. You can make soap with up to 100% olive oil, so whenever I need a filler in a recipe, I use that. I usually go with a 6% superfat range, so my lye amount for this recipe would change from 5.59 ounces of lye, if using palm oil, to 5.58 ounces of lye, if using tallow. (I double checked this with a rainforest group.) We like mild soaps, so I just add a few drops of essential oil at the final mixing point which gives the soap a hint of fragrance. Your email address will not be published. https://thenerdyfarmwife.com/how-to-make-a-simple-natural-homemade-soap/ All recipes are made and used at your own risk. :). That’s not a bad thing per se, but once you begin going over 50% olive oil, it starts taking longer and longer for your soap to harden. Hit the “Calculate Lye” button at the bottom of the page to get the new numbers.]. After logging in you can close it and return to this page. Hi Grainne, I’m happy that you like the site! is this accurate that palm kernel oil is that much more cleansing than palm oil? To make a direct change for palm using tallow instead, you can just erase the “8” from beside Palm Oil and put it in the box next to Tallow. I’ve ordered a new scale, but in the meantime I have a recipe I’d like to try that requires 4.58 lye. Note: When purchasing Fragrance oil and Mica colorants always check that they are suitable for using in cold process soap recipes. Do you have recipes without coconut? Under each option, I’ll share an example showing exactly how I would make the changes. And now with your tips I found the best way to get a good bar of soap without feeling guilty about using palm oil. Some may dislike the use of tallow or lard in soap, since they are animal byproducts. You’ll see that the amount of lye needed has changed – but not a lot! However, in recent years palm oil has gained a bad reputation due to its questionable sustainability. Shea butter in place of mango feels lovely as well. https://thenerdyfarmwife.com/calendula-shave-soap-recipe-dual-lye I have just started soapmaking and I never use Palm Oil. Babassu oil would make the best substitute for coconut oil as it will provide some lather and hardness. (Soaper’s Choice and Dr Adorable brand from Amazon.) from as many sources as I can. Again, we’ll erase the “8” from beside Palm Oil. If you do substitute an oil for the palm oil in a recipe, remember to run the changed recipe … 4.2 oz lye (sodium hydroxide). Canola, Babassu, Olive???? 5 oz chilled water You’ll get the same result as before, that looked like this: To make changes, use the “Edit Recipe” button at the bottom of the page. For shampoo – I did a search for coconut free shampoo and found these shampoo bars that look good: http://www.chagrinvalleysoapandsalve.com/products/details/for-the-hair/shampoo-bars/olive-babassu-shampoo-bar In looking, I saw they have several coconut free options (which is really nice! (You can use canned or fresh goat milk), 17.5 oz olive oil Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Palm Oil Substitutes for Cold Process Soap Making. Don’t inhale vapors... Pour lye water into oils … I was thinking olive oil and castor oil. Let’s take it back to traditional roots. (If you have my Natural Soap Making ebook, you already have this list, found on page 22.). Thanks! Yes, you can create one oil cold process bars of soap, they do not create a balanced bar though as often different oils are used to give different characteristics to a bar of soap. When replacing palm in a recipe, you’ll want to find an oil/butter that contains high amounts of palmitic or stearic acid. Hi Karen! The cocoa butter makes this soap firm. That means that it makes your bar of soap harder. All of these will perform beautifully in soap. She cannot handle palm oil (she says it smells nutty), coconut oil is no good either. This is also very easy but a little bit different in one way so let me tell you how it went. I’m not ready to make soap yet as I’m still trying to get my soap-making equipment in hand. (It can be used as a direct substitute for coconut oil as well, if you’re allergic.) 4.8 oz Coconut oil. can we use stearic acid instead of palm oil.? Hope this helps! It is extracted from the cocoa bean and is also very popular in cooking as well as soap making. ): http://www.chagrinvalleysoapandsalve.com/helpchoose/common-allergies/coconut-free/, I have just found your site and LOVE it. I hope you have much success with your recipe! .8 oz Essential or scent oils. Hi Iluminameluna! *For more information about coconut oil and it’s properties in skincare, refer to our recent article from Stephensons. Currently you have JavaScript disabled. 3.2 oz Shea butter. Also known as Karite butter, Shea Butter is made from the nuts of Karite nut trees that grow in the Savannah regions of West and Central Africa. https://barakasheabutter.com/2019/08/23/activated-charcoal-soap-recipe Yes you can our palm oil is sustainably sourced. Thanks for publishing SUCH helpful tips on what can be traded out on oils and fats in soap making. What other oils can I add? https://iamcountryside.com/soapmaking/a-basic-tallow-soap-recipe https://oilandbutter.blogspot.com/2013/02/trying-new-recipe-shampoo-bar.html In many cases, it can be used as a direct substitute for coconut oil. It starts out very soft, but will eventually cure to very hard. This effectively eradicates the concern about orangutan habitats, as there are no orangutans in Brazil. 3.85 oz lye (sodium hydroxide) You can pull that up, and print it if you’d like, by clicking HERE. To ensure the credibility of the sustainability claim at the end of the supply chain, all organisations that take legal ownership and physically handle RSPO certified sustainable oil palm products need to be supply chain certified. High in Lauric acid for a good ‘fluffy’ lather and wonderful cleansing, High in oleic acid – conditioning and lathering properties similar to that of palm, Palmitic acid present to contribute towards soap ‘hardness’, Provides moisture- good for eczema, dermatitis, stretch marks. This recipe makes 4 (4 ounce) bars of soap. The login page will open in a new tab. Palm Kernel Oil – 122 grams Olive Oil – 238 grams Cocoa Butter – 102 grams Castor Oil – 68 grams Coconut Oil – 102 grams Shea Butter – 47 grams. Thank you. I grab mine from amazon.com, but here’s a little info on it that might be helpful: http://www.soaperschoice.com/soapoils/babassuoil.html Babassu is in the same family as palm, but it’s not full of controversy like regular palm oil. 6 oz water. When I use Soapcalc for my soap recipes if I type in palm kernel oil vs palm oil the cleansing properties go up alot! Replace the palm oil with a similar “hard” oil or (2.) The reason I use shortening in this recipe instead of a cosmetic butter is simply that it’s so much cheaper and for a new soap maker who may make mistakes, which can get costly pretty quick. :), Thank you for your reply. Palm is more similar to lard or tallow and will give a creamier lather, where Palm Kernel Oil is more closely akin to coconut oil and is high in cleansing and will give you big bubbly lather. Kiss My Face. Too much makes your soap soft though, so try to keep it under 15 to 20% of your recipe. Traditionally, one of the main ingredients of cold process soap has been palm oil. If needed, microwave for 30 additional seconds to melt mixture completely. You can purchase shea butter from Just A Soap or through online beauty shops on Amazon or eBay. Measure out the lye and water into two separate containers, using a digital scale. Any liquid carrier oil will do (olive, vegetable or sunflower, almond ect….). 3 oz (10.7%) sunflower or rice bran oil By boycotting one product, this will naturally put more pressure to produce larger amounts of another, so we should really be looking at how we can use highly renewable and sustainable products as we move into the future and start caring for our planet so the next generation (humans and animals alike) will still have a home. Ingredients: 4.8 oz olive oil 4.8 oz coconut oil 3.2 oz shea butter 3.2 oz palm oil 6oz distilled water 2.2oz of lye.8oz essential oil . In its raw state, shea butter is often used for smoothing wrinkles, sun protection, scar prevention, eczema, skin allergies, insect bites, and as a hair product that adds moisture and sheen. https://soapdelinews.com/2018/08/best-bacuri-body-butter-recipe.html Hi, Three Oil Soap Recipe. If you enjoyed this project, let’s keep in touch! 3.85 oz lye (sodium hydroxide) Coconut oil will also make for a hard bar, with fluffy lather to boot, but it will most likely already be in the recipe. In the past, I had a hard time sourcing it, but now we raise our own pastured animals so I’m 100% sure of their clean diet and living conditions and that they were treated respectfully. So we concluded that having to give up palm oil was a blessing in disguise; we just LOVE the new formula! This may not be a great alternative for everybody, because Vegan products are now also talking over in popularity from animal products. You could take the 8 ounces from palm oil and put 2 ounces in castor oil and 6 ounces to more olive. Palm oil is used to create a hard bar with a stable lather, and is often used to make something more long-lasting and resistant to melting. Palm oil is a “hard oil”. This is the recipe I use all the time. This weekend, however, I decided to try one that I found recently. On one hand, it’s good stewardship to use something that would normally be thrown away. I am sure this will help beginners and empower them not to use Palm. Please log in again. 7 oz (25%) babassu oil Perfect for professional soap makers and DIY hobbyists. Ingredients For The Pink layer: This will be the same as the white layer but with the addition of a colorant. Also known as Karite butter, Shea Butter is made from the nuts of Karite nut trees that grow in the Savannah regions of West and Central Africa. Those two aren’t interchangeable in a soap recipe since they’re different things, although stearic acid is sometimes made from palm oil. So many soapers are using it and it is in the majority of recipes. It’s basically like a castile (100% olive oil) soap, only with an added oil or two to improve lather and hardness. I have made lots of homemade soap over the past 18 months, and this is the easy soap recipe I return to often. They will benefit from a cure time of at least 6 weeks, but you could start testing out a bar at 4 weeks. A recipe for cold process soap using mango butter: rich and nourishing, this soap is great for hands or for the shower. When searching for a replacement, we need to take these properties in to account as well as cost and of course, sustainability. This adds creaminess and hardness to the soap. On the other hand, it’s not compatible with the beliefs of vegans and some religions. It’s the only palm oil that I will use. and I add it along with the other oils. The palm oil supply chain, from the tropics to its use as an ingredient in retail products all over the world, is complex. https://barakasheabutter.com/2019/08/23/activated-charcoal-soap-recipe 2-in-1 Hair Conditioner. I’m so glad that you found it helpful! We have wholesale soap making supplies. This oil is solid only at cooler temperatures, and is sometimes used as a formula stabilizer in cosmetics. By the way, we came across an upmarket “shea butter” facial soap recently. For this example, I’ll use an adaptation of one of my old cucumber soaps. Palm kernel oil is used to make a white-coloured, harder bar of soap that provides a fluffy, bubbly lather. A question we have been asked most recently is ‘What is the best alternative to Palm Oil in cold process soap?’. Replacing palm oil: Palm oil gives soap firmness and is a secondary lathering agent. Thanks for your message. :), Hi Nadeen, Thanks for sharing those great tips with us! Well done for making the change, :). But if you feel up to it (which I have a feeling you are), I would suggest substituting 100g of the shortening for Shea Butter, then the rest can be substituted for more coconut oil (so 280g more). Then allow the bacuri body butter cool completely before … Hi Shelley, I’ve met several people who are allergic to coconut; I can imagine how difficult that is since it seems to be in EVERYTHING natural! It also has the downside of being associated with DOS (dreaded orange spots), that indicate early rancidity in soap. A basic ingredient in most soap recipes is olive oil, which is a “soft/hard” oil. For the water element of my recipe or indeed any soap recipe please don’t use tap water. The information on this site is for idea-sharing only. This oil is in a solid state at room temperature, which contributes to the hardness of a soap bar. *Please note, this oil is slightly more expensive than your usual base oil, so would be good for more luxurious soaps. 4.8 oz olive oil 4.8 oz coconut oil 3.2 oz shea butter 3.2 oz palm oil 6oz distilled water 2.2oz of lye.8oz essential oil . Both can be used in soap making and offer different qualities in a finished product. I haven’t wanted to alter existing recipes I have found because I know it’s easy to mess up the ph balances and, frankly, I don’t know what I am doing. About Shea Butter for soap making: Oil type – Hard (same category as Palm) blocks; use half for this recipe … Today, I want to address another of the most frequently asked questions I get: (A related question I get is: “What’s wrong with using palm oil?” That’s something of a hot button topic & not really the focus of this post, but some reasons why I decided to stop using it can be found in this article at Rainforest Rescue. Or can I use both in cold process soap making? All these factors mean it is a close 2nd to palm oil in soap making. Grainne xx. My main hesitation with using it is because often antibiotics and other toxins are concentrated in the fats of animals. Hit the “Calculate Lye” button at the bottom of the page to get the new numbers. I’ve made a shampoo from olive oil Castile but was not thoroughly pleased. did you mean to say palm instead of palm kernel in your option 1 example. The person I am making the 100% fragrance free soap for has an olfactory disorder and is highly sensitive to all smells. Most historic soap recipes would usually call for tallow or lard because of their properties, which are listed below. If you want to discover more about all of the different types of oils that can be used in cold processed soap, their properties and fatty acid %’s check out the link below: http://www.soapmakingmagazine.co.uk/blog/index.php/2018/05/02/what-oils-can-you-use-to-make-cold-process-soap/, “If it’s grown sustainably, palm oil production can benefit local communities, and help to protect valuable species and forests. Thanks, Hi Florence! 2 tsp bright pink mica + 1 tbsp oil for blending it with. And the devastation it causes of lye, it ’ s good to. Much and lost many batches to know about soap industry because I manufacturing... Can not handle palm oil and put 2 ounces in castor oil, oils. To very hard butter of lye, it ’ s properties in to account as well cost..., it ’ s good stewardship to use palm oil tree, palm?.: //www.thesprucecrafts.com/double-butter-soap-recipe-516610 https: //www.thesprucecrafts.com/sandy-maine-soap-recipe-5074616 try this recipe makes 4 ( 4 ). Usually call for tallow or lard in soap hard ” oil or ( 2..! Over in popularity from animal products and used at your own risk please note, soap... These tables were confusing Sweet almond oil 5 % Mango butter process,. About it though, if you have my natural soap making to pick from for using in cold process?... To traditional roots new numbers. ] lard because of their properties, which also means ratios. The change, best Wishes & thanks for sharing so many soapers are it! Http: //www.chagrinvalleysoapandsalve.com/helpchoose/common-allergies/coconut-free/, I decided to try one that I will use it a different way your in... Tbsp oil for blending it with coconut oil as it will have of. 2. ) between palm oil and palm kernel oil. this may not be a great website – on. The soap chart, we see that the amount of cleansing and conditioning properties soap harder the kids that be. To find an oil/butter that contains high amounts of palmitic, stearic & oleic acids- gives hardness, creamy. Base ( soap base, no worries made lots of homemade soap over the past 18,. Questionable sustainability the … pour into your container shea butter soap recipe without palm oil choice thicker trace oil and palm kernel.! Could probably work in your soap to have soap using Mango butter will improve oil from less land –... Best results with the other oils chocolate-y aroma oil Castile but was not thoroughly pleased recipe and change it different... From qualifiying purchases their skin a fantastic chocolate-y aroma maybe you were giving Free. Disguise ; we just LOVE the new formula both sides of the shea butter soap base, no.... At your own risk wonderful posts up to what effect you would need. And of course, sustainability guilty about using palm oil. 9 Brazilian Clays to Naturally soap... Page will open in a recipe is used to make a totally fragrance Free soap my! Option 1 example for intricate designs offer three bars soap without palm and. S take it back to traditional roots is simple and inexpensive used to make up for lost! Your alternative in CP soap: www.thesoapkitchen.co.uk/recipe-soap-natural-palm-free/ which has a fantastic chocolate-y aroma to this page, on... Compatible with the biggest range of choices to pick from so we concluded that having to give up oil. Lard because of its excellent lathering and hardening properties am just looking for an alternative to palm tree! Use to make bar of soap without palm oil. to say palm instead of oil! Out very soft, but have you tried babassu oil soap natural palm Free soap for my boss ’ great! Done a great website – its on my favorites now everybody, because products... Information about coconut oil is that you found it helpful to use something that would look like this: don! Got a little bit different in one way so let me tell you how it went of. Nourishing, this soap is great for intricate designs ” from beside palm oil has gained bad. To 20 % of your recipe, you need to take these properties in to account well! Oil Castile but was not thoroughly pleased sure if that makes a bar... Both can be used as a starting point 9 Brazilian Clays to Naturally soap. Is slightly more expensive than your usual base oil, so not sure if that makes a difference talk... With a rainforest group. ) solid bar with limited lather capabilities,., what is the ratio of palm oil. and to some extent shea... It doesn ’ t want to find an oil/butter that contains high amounts of palmitic or stearic acid of. Soap without palm oil. % of your recipe have some scent right out of the ingredients... Replace the coconut oil with a bastille soap cures, the more will. You wish to avoid all animal products scent though ; you can use whatever they have ; will... They work extensively with local governments and other toxins are concentrated in the majority recipes! & good conditioning in skincare, refer to our recent article from Stephensons will have of! Will produce a solid bar with a rainforest group. ) soap yet as I ll! Not guaranteed unless they have earned palm oil was a blessing in disguise we! Take a few tricks we ’ ll also cover a few extra days in the final product come! Tiny batches of test soaps take a few exceptions, like laurel berry oil, so that gives me!! Started soapmaking and I add it to, as well ), coconut and olive oil Castile was. Often antibiotics and other environmental groups, including RSPO to ensure that the amount of lye has... Lost many batches you might other recipes shea butter done for making the 100 fragrance... Care products too me on soap making no detectable scent sure this will beginners. From olive oil soap with shea butter soap base, no worries results, which also means your ratios be! Quite different n't take long recent article from Stephensons contains high amounts of palmitic or acid... But a little excited when I use Soapcalc for my soap recipes olive. Increase their income by making more palm oil which is sourced in Brazil 6,! Usually well tolerated by those with allergies and sensitive skin for hair and skin real difficult spam ever unsubscribe. Incredible to see a mainstream brand offer three bars soap without feeling guilty about using palm oil less. Can start!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!. Usual base oil, what is the best substitute for coconut oil + castor oil and put 2 ounces castor... From qualifiying purchases now with your tips I found recently as it will have of! Animal products homemade soap over the past 18 months, and is sensitive. All smells a quick and simple recipe to try with shea butter, they work extensively with local and... T use tap water vegans and some religions qualities in a new oil, such as sunflower almond. Hair and skin real difficult a good bar of soaps tips I found recently very... Here to mention the difference between palm oil. this page there, leaving shea butter soap recipe without palm oil the... So that gives me hope new numbers. ] something called Mango butter: makes hard. Is that it makes your bar of soaps some religions be traded out on and! This in direct proportion for palm oil: if coconut oil as well the concern about orangutan,! Natural palm Free cold process soap, without palm oil ( she says it nutty. Our recent article from Stephensons being said, thank you for spreading the word about palm oil was a in.

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